活动第34/35次（2018-07-01星期日上下午）

botang

准备插入none-CDB（orcl2）到cdb2：

1. [oracle@station90 ~]$ . oraenv
   
2. ORACLE_SID = [cdb2] ? orcl2
   
3. The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
   
4. [oracle@station90 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
   
5. 
   
6. SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sun Jul 1 09:15:08 2018
   
7. 
   
8. Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
9. 
   
10. SQL> conn / as sysdba
    
11. Connected.
    
12. SQL> shutdown immediate
    
13. Database closed.
    
14. Database dismounted.
    
15. ORACLE instance shut down.
    
16. SQL> startup mount
    
17. ORACLE instance started.
    
18. 
    
19. Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
    
20. Fixed Size                    2926472 bytes
    
21. Variable Size                 1325402232 bytes
    
22. Database Buffers          805306368 bytes
    
23. Redo Buffers                   13848576 bytes
    
24. Database mounted.
    
25. SQL> alter database open read only;
    
26. 
    
27. Database altered.
    
28. 
    
29. SQL> desc dbms_pdb
    
30. FUNCTION CHECK_PLUG_COMPATIBILITY RETURNS BOOLEAN
    
31. Argument Name                        Type                        In/Out Default?
    
32. ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
    
33. PDB_DESCR_FILE                 VARCHAR2                IN
    
34. PDB_NAME                        VARCHAR2                IN     DEFAULT
    
35. FUNCTION CLEANUP_TASK RETURNS NUMBER
    
36. Argument Name                        Type                        In/Out Default?
    
37. ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
    
38. TASK_ID                        NUMBER                        IN
    
39. PROCEDURE CREATEX$PERMANENTTABLES
    
40. PROCEDURE DESCRIBE
    
41. Argument Name                        Type                        In/Out Default?
    
42. ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
    
43. PDB_DESCR_FILE                 VARCHAR2                IN
    
44. PDB_NAME                        VARCHAR2                IN     DEFAULT
    
45. PROCEDURE DROPX$PERMANENTTABLES
    
46. PROCEDURE EXEC_AS_ORACLE_SCRIPT
    
47. Argument Name                        Type                        In/Out Default?
    
48. ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
    
49. SQL_STMT                        VARCHAR2                IN
    
50. PROCEDURE NONCDB_TO_PDB
    
51. Argument Name                        Type                        In/Out Default?
    
52. ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
    
53. PHASE                                NUMBER                        IN
    
54. PROCEDURE POPULATESYNCTABLE
    
55. PROCEDURE RECOVER
    
56. Argument Name                        Type                        In/Out Default?
    
57. ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
    
58. PDB_DESCR_FILE                 VARCHAR2                IN
    
59. PDB_NAME                        VARCHAR2                IN
    
60. FILENAMES                        VARCHAR2                IN
    
61. PROCEDURE SYNC_PDB
    
62. FUNCTION UPDATE_CDBVW_STATS RETURNS NUMBER
    
63. FUNCTION UPDATE_COMDATA_STATS RETURNS NUMBER
    
64. FUNCTION UPDATE_OBJLINK_STATS RETURNS NUMBER
    
65. PROCEDURE UPDATE_VERSION
    
66. 
    
67. SQL> show parameter db_name
    
68. 
    
69. NAME                                     TYPE         VALUE
    
70. ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
    
71. db_name                              string         ORCL2
    
72. SQL> exec dbms_pdb.describe('/home/oracle/orcl2.xml') ;
    
73. 
    
74. PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
    
75. 
    
76. SQL>
    

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多租户书的这一页中的2.是完全没有必要的（原因是orcl2是OMF的数据库）


书上这么写是因为它的orcl2是普通的文件系统库，并且不是OMF的。前面讲过的，做插件数据库时，必须有自己的临时文件，所以文件名冲突就会报错。

在原处“收编”non-CDB就用nocopy，如果要拷贝方式创建就用file_name_covert：

1. select  con_id, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
   
2. 
   
3. alter pluggable database all open;
   
4. 
   
5. create pluggable database pdb_orcl2 using
   
6. '/home/oracle/orcl2.xml' nocopy;
   
7. 
   
8. select  con_id, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;

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第一件事情就是去清理， non-CDB中原来的undo表空间和临时文件：

1. [oracle@station90 cdb2]$ . oraenv
   
2. ORACLE_SID = [orcl2] ? +ASM
   
3. The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
   
4. [oracle@station90 cdb2]$ asmcmd
   
5. ASMCMD> ls
   
6. DATA/
   
7. FRA/
   
8. ASMCMD> cd data
   
9. ASMCMD> ls
   
10. CDB1/
    
11. CDB2/
    
12. ORCL2/
    
13. ASMCMD> cd orcl2
    
14. ASMCMD> ls
    
15. AUTOBACKUP/
    
16. CONTROLFILE/
    
17. DATAFILE/
    
18. ONLINELOG/
    
19. PARAMETERFILE/
    
20. TEMPFILE/
    
21. spfileorcl2.ora
    
22. ASMCMD> d datafile
    
23. ASMCMD-9487: 'd' cannot be run with 'sysasm' privilege
    
24. ASMCMD> cd datafile
    
25. ASMCMD> ls
    
26. EXAMPLE.270.980156363
    
27. SYSAUX.269.980156355
    
28. SYSTEM.267.980156347
    
29. UNDOTBS1.268.980156349
    
30. USERS.271.980156367
    
31. ASMCMD> rm UNDOTBS1.268.980156349
    
32. ASMCMD>
    

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1. ASMCMD> cd ..
   
2. ASMCMD> ls
   
3. CDB1/
   
4. CDB2/
   
5. ORCL2/
   
6. ASMCMD> cd ORCL2/
   
7. ASMCMD> ls
   
8. AUTOBACKUP/
   
9. CONTROLFILE/
   
10. DATAFILE/
    
11. ONLINELOG/
    
12. PARAMETERFILE/
    
13. TEMPFILE/
    
14. 
    
15. spfileorcl2.ora
    
16. ASMCMD> cd TEMPFILE/
    
17. ASMCMD> ls
    
18. TEMP.260.980157325
    
19. ASMCMD> rm TEMP.260.980157325
    
20. ASMCMD>
    

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第二步：为了完成整个操作，不得不通过从PDB SYSTEM表空间中删除不必要的元数据（数据字典）来转换刚刚插入的 non-CDB到正确的PDB状态。

1. cdexttab.sql                   exfcpu.sql                           prvtbrse.plb          prvtsnps.plb        xsutil.sql
   
2. [oracle@station90 admin]$ ls -l non*
   
3. -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 33608  6月 14 2014 noncdb_to_pdb.sql
   
4. [oracle@station90 admin]$ sqlplus /nolog
   
5. 
   
6. SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sun Jul 1 09:42:48 2018
   
7. 
   
8. Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
9. 
   
10. SQL> conn sys/oracle_4U@pdb_orcl2 as sysdba
    
11. Connected.
    
12. SQL> @noncdb_to_pdb.sql
    
13. SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
    
14. SQL> SET FEEDBACK 1
    
15. SQL> SET NUMWIDTH 10
    
16. SQL> SET LINESIZE 80
    
17. SQL> SET TRIMSPOOL ON
    
18. SQL> SET TAB OFF
    
19. SQL> SET PAGESIZE 100
    
20. SQL>
    
21. SQL> WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT;
    
22. SQL>
    
23. SQL> DOC
    
24. DOC>#######################################################################
    
25. DOC>#######################################################################
    
26. DOC>   The following statement will cause an "ORA-01403: no data found"
    
27. DOC>   error if we're not in a PDB.
    
28. DOC>   This script is intended to be run right after plugin of a PDB,
    
29. DOC>   while inside the PDB.
    
30. DOC>#######################################################################
    
31. DOC>#######################################################################
    
32. DOC>#
    
33. SQL>
    
34. SQL> VARIABLE cdbname VARCHAR2(128)
    
35. SQL> VARIABLE pdbname VARCHAR2(128)
    
36. SQL> BEGIN
    
37.   2    SELECT sys_context('USERENV', 'CDB_NAME')
    
38.   3      INTO :cdbname
    
39.   4      FROM dual
    
40.   5      WHERE sys_context('USERENV', 'CDB_NAME') is not null;
    
41.   6    SELECT sys_context('USERENV', 'CON_NAME')
    
42.   7      INTO :pdbname
    
43.   8      FROM dual
    
44.   9      WHERE sys_context('USERENV', 'CON_NAME') <> 'CDB$ROOT';
    

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附：如果要拷贝方式创建就用file_name_covert：

1. create pluggable database pdb_orcl2 using
   
2. '/home/oracle/orcl2.xml'
   
3. file_name_convert=('+data/orcl2/datafile/SYSTEM.267.980156347', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb_orcl2/system01.dbf',
   
4.                               '+data/orcl2/datafile/SYSAUX.269.980156355','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb_orcl2/sysaux01.dbf',
   
5.                               '+data/orcl2/datafile/USERS.271.980156367','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb_orcl2/users01.dbf',
   
6.                               '+data/orcl2/datafile/EXAMPLE.270.980156363','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb_orcl2/example01.dbf'
   
7. );
   

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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
拔出一个插件数据库：

1. [root@station90 ~]# su - oracle
   
2. [oracle@station90 ~]$ . oraenv
   
3. ORACLE_SID = [cdb2] ? cdb1
   
4. The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
   
5. [oracle@station90 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
   
6. 
   
7. SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sun Jul 1 09:55:47 2018
   
8. 
   
9. Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
10. 
    
11. SQL> conn / as sysdba
    
12. Connected.
    
13. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
    
14. 
    
15.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
    
16. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
    
17.          2 PDB$SEED                          READ ONLY
    
18.          3 PDB1_1                          MOUNTED
    
19. 
    
20. SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1_1 open ;
    
21. 
    
22. Pluggable database altered.
    
23. 
    
24. SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1_1 unplug into '/home/oracle/pdb1_1.xml';
    
25. alter pluggable database pdb1_1 unplug into '/home/oracle/pdb1_1.xml'
    
26. *
    
27. ERROR at line 1:
    
28. ORA-65025: Pluggable database PDB1_1 is not closed on all instances.
    
29. 
    
30. 
    
31. SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1_1 close;
    
32. 
    
33. Pluggable database altered.
    
34. 
    
35. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
    
36. 
    
37.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
    
38. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
    
39.          2 PDB$SEED                          READ ONLY
    
40.          3 PDB1_1                          MOUNTED
    
41. 
    
42. SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1_1 unplug into '/home/oracle/pdb1_1.xml';
    
43. 
    
44. Pluggable database altered.
    
45. 
    
46. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
    
47. 
    
48.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
    
49. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
    
50.          2 PDB$SEED                          READ ONLY
    
51.          3 PDB1_1                          MOUNTED
    
52. 
    
53. SQL> desc cdb_pdbs
    
54. Name                                           Null?    Type
    
55. ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
    
56. PDB_ID                                    NOT NULL NUMBER
    
57. PDB_NAME                                   NOT NULL VARCHAR2(128)
    
58. DBID                                           NOT NULL NUMBER
    
59. CON_UID                                   NOT NULL NUMBER
    
60. GUID                                                    RAW(16)
    
61. STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(9)
    
62. CREATION_SCN                                            NUMBER
    
63. VSN                                                    NUMBER
    
64. LOGGING                                            VARCHAR2(9)
    
65. FORCE_LOGGING                                            VARCHAR2(3)
    
66. FORCE_NOLOGGING                                    VARCHAR2(3)
    
67. CON_ID                                    NOT NULL NUMBER
    
68. 
    
69. SQL> select  PDB_NAME, CON_ID, STATUS from cdb_pdbs;
    
70. 
    
71. PDB_NAME
    
72. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
73.     CON_ID STATUS
    
74. ---------- ---------
    
75. PDB1_1
    
76.          3 UNPLUGGED
    
77. 
    
78. PDB$SEED
    
79.          2 NORMAL
    
80. 
    
81. 
    
82. SQL>
    

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keep datafiles的反义词是including datafiles（drop pluggable database pdb1_1 including datafiles）：

1. SQL> drop pluggable database pdb1_1 keep datafiles;
   
2. 
   
3. Pluggable database dropped.
   
4. 
   
5. SQL> select  PDB_NAME, CON_ID, STATUS from cdb_pdbs;
   
6. 
   
7. PDB_NAME
   
8. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   
9.     CON_ID STATUS
   
10. ---------- ---------
    
11. PDB$SEED
    
12.          2 NORMAL
    
13. 
    
14. 
    
15. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
    
16. 
    
17.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
    
18. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
    
19.          2 PDB$SEED                          READ ONLY
    
20. 
    
21. SQL>
    

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对拔出来的插件数据库检查兼容性：

1. select  * from cdb_pdbs;
   
2. 
   
3. declare
   
4.   v1  boolean;
   
5. begin
   
6.    v1 := dbms_pdb.check_plug_compatibility(
   
7.    pdb_descr_file => '/home/oracle/pdb1_1.xml',
   
8.    pdb_name => 'PDB1_1');
   
9.    if v1=true then
   
10.       dbms_output.put_line('OK');
    
11.    end if;
    
12. end;
    
13.    
    
14.   select  * from pdb_plug_in_violations;

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插入插件数据库时，与之前的non-CDB语法是一样的：
在原处“收编”non-CDB就用nocopy，如果要拷贝方式创建就用file_name_covert。

1. create pluggable database pdb1_1 using '/home/oracle/pdb1_1.xml' nocopy;
   
2. 
   
3. select  con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
   
4. 
   
5. select  * from cdb_pdbs;
   
6. 
   
7. alter pluggable database pdb1_1 open;

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清理一下CRS并且注册一下Cloud Control：

1. [oracle@station90 ~]$ srvctl remove database  -db orcl2
   
2. 是否删除数据库 orcl2? (y/[n]) y
   
3. [oracle@station90 ~]$ crs_stat -t
   
4. Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
   
5. ------------------------------------------------------------
   
6. ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
   
7. ora.FRA.dg     ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
   
8. ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
   
9. ora.asm        ora.asm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
   
10. ora.cdb1.db    ora....se.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
    
11. ora.cdb2.db    ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
12. ora.cssd       ora.cssd.type  ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
13. ora.diskmon    ora....on.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
    
14. ora.emrep.db   ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
15. ora.evmd       ora.evm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
16. ora.ons        ora.ons.type   OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
    
17. ora.orcl.db    ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
18. [oracle@station90 ~]$ srvctl remove database  -db cdb1  
    
19. 是否删除数据库 cdb1? (y/[n]) y
    
20. [oracle@station90 ~]$ crs_stat -t
    
21. Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
    
22. ------------------------------------------------------------
    
23. ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
24. ora.FRA.dg     ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
25. ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
26. ora.asm        ora.asm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
27. ora.cdb2.db    ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
28. ora.cssd       ora.cssd.type  ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
29. ora.diskmon    ora....on.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
    
30. ora.emrep.db   ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
31. ora.evmd       ora.evm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
32. ora.ons        ora.ons.type   OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
    
33. ora.orcl.db    ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    station90   
    
34. [oracle@station90 ~]$
    

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---------------------------------------------------------------



-------------------------------------------------------------



----------------------------------------------------------

alter pluggable database all close如果关不掉，杀进程：



after startup触发器：

1. create or replace trigger trigger1
   
2. after startup on database
   
3. begin
   
4.   execute immediate 'alter pluggable database all open';
   
5. end;
   
6. 
   
7. select  * from cdb_triggers t where t.TRIGGER_NAME='TRIGGER1';

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要打开restricted模式，可以不用关闭数据库（包括插件数据库）:

1. SQL> alter system enable restricted session;
   
2. 
   
3. System altered.
   
4. 
   
5. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode , RESTRICTED from v$pdbs
   
6.   2  ;
   
7. 
   
8.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  RES
   
9. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---
   
10.          3 PDB2_1                          READ WRITE YES
    
11. 
    

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代替书上：

1. SQL> alter pluggable database rename global_name to pdb2;
   
2. alter pluggable database rename global_name to pdb2
   
3.                                                *
   
4. ERROR at line 1:
   
5. ORA-65045: pluggable database not in a restricted mode
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. SQL> alter system enable restricted session;
   
9. 
   
10. System altered.
    
11. 
    
12. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode , RESTRICTED from v$pdbs
    
13.   2  ;
    
14. 
    
15.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  RES
    
16. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---
    
17.          3 PDB2_1                          READ WRITE YES
    
18. 
    
19. SQL> alter pluggable database rename global_name to pdb2;
    
20. 
    
21. Pluggable database altered.
    
22. 
    
23. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode , RESTRICTED from v$pdbs
    
24.   2  ;
    
25. 
    
26.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  RES
    
27. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---
    
28.          3 PDB2                           READ WRITE YES
    
29. 
    
30. SQL> conn / as sysdba
    
31. Connected.
    
32. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode , RESTRICTED from v$pdbs;
    
33. 
    
34.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  RES
    
35. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---
    
36.          2 PDB$SEED                          READ ONLY  NO
    
37.          3 PDB2                           READ WRITE YES
    
38.          4 PDB2_2                          READ WRITE NO
    
39.          5 PDB_ORCL2                          READ WRITE NO
    
40.          6 PDB1_1                          READ WRITE NO
    
41. 
    
42. SQL> conn sys/oracle_4U@pdb2_1 as sysdba
    
43. ERROR:
    
44. ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect
    
45. descriptor
    
46. 
    
47. 
    
48. Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
    
49. SQL> conn sys/oracle_4U@pdb2 as sysdba
    
50. Connected.
    
51. SQL> alter system disable restricted session;
    
52. 
    
53. System altered.
    
54. 
    
55. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode , RESTRICTED from v$pdbs;
    
56. 
    
57.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  RES
    
58. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---
    
59.          3 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO
    
60. 
    
61. SQL> conn / as sysdba
    
62. Connected.
    
63. SQL> select  con_id, name , open_mode , RESTRICTED from v$pdbs;
    
64. 
    
65.     CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  RES
    
66. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---
    
67.          2 PDB$SEED                          READ ONLY  NO
    
68.          3 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO
    
69.          4 PDB2_2                          READ WRITE NO
    
70.          5 PDB_ORCL2                          READ WRITE NO
    
71.          6 PDB1_1                          READ WRITE NO
    
72. 
    
73. SQL>
    

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在多租户环境中少有的对V$视图的改变：
V$PARAMETER看自己的，而V$SYSTEM_PARAMETER看所有插件库的。

1. SQL> show con_name
   
2. 
   
3. CON_NAME
   
4. ------------------------------
   
5. PDB2
   
6. SQL> select  name , value from v$system_parameter  where name like 'optimizer_use_sql%';
   
7. 
   
8. NAME
   
9. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   
10. VALUE
    
11. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
12. optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
    
13. FALSE
    
14. 
    
15. 
    
16. SQL> conn / as sysdba
    
17. Connected.
    
18. SQL> select  name , value from v$system_parameter  where name like 'optimizer_use_sql%';
    
19. 
    
20. NAME
    
21. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
22. VALUE
    
23. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
24. optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
    
25. TRUE
    
26. 
    
27. optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
    
28. FALSE
    
29. 
    
30. 
    
31. SQL> select con_id, name , value from v$system_parameter  where name like 'optimizer_use_sql%';
    
32. 
    
33.     CON_ID
    
34. ----------
    
35. NAME
    
36. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
37. VALUE
    
38. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
39.          0
    
40. optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
    
41. TRUE
    
42. 
    
43.          3
    
44. optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
    
45. FALSE
    
46. 
    
47.     CON_ID
    
48. ----------
    
49. NAME
    
50. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
51. VALUE
    
52. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
53. 
    

复制代码

就像参数一样，表空间在插件数据库之间，也是有个性设置的：


看表空间和数据文件的关系，尽量查v$视图（关联）：



-------------------------------------------------------------------

书上的多租户实验环境中的公共用户一共有多少个：
CDB$ROOT有36个：

1. select  u.USERNAME
   
2. from  cdb_users u where u.COMMON='YES'  and con_id=1;

复制代码

因此由于传递性，所以PDB2、PDB2_2和PDB1_1这3个插件数据库共有36*3=108个公共用户。

独立数据库（pdb_orcl2）插入后变成插件数据库的只有33个公共用户（少3个）:

1. select  u.USERNAME
   
2. from  cdb_users u where u.COMMON='YES'  and con_id=1
   
3.   minus
   
4.   select   u.USERNAME
   
5. from  cdb_users u where u.COMMON='YES'  and con_id=5;

复制代码

	USERNAME
1	DVF
2	DVSYS
3	LBACSYS

所以整个CDB2中有：36（根容器）+108+33=177个公共用户。

1.   select  u.USERNAME
   
2. from  cdb_users u where u.COMMON='YES' ;

复制代码

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
多租户ag书的P128页，是第一次做授权。与建用户不同的是，授权时，要明确说明container=all，才会进行公共授权（而建用户时，不写container=ALL实际上默认就是container=all）：



-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

书上的多租户实验环境中的公共角色一共有多少个：
CDB$ROOT有84个：

1. select * from  cdb_roles u where u.COMMON='YES'  and con_id=1;

复制代码

因此由于传递性，所以PDB2、PDB2_2和PDB1_1这3个插件数据库共有84*3=252个公共角色。

独立数据库（pdb_orcl2）插入后变成插件数据库的只有68个公共角色（少16个）:

1.   select  role  from  cdb_roles u where u.COMMON='YES'  and con_id=1
   
2. minus
   
3.   select  role from  cdb_roles u where u.COMMON='YES'  and con_id=5;

复制代码

	ROLE
1	DV_ADMIN
2	DV_GOLDENGATE_ADMIN
3	DV_GOLDENGATE_REDO_ACCESS
4	DV_OWNER
5	DV_AUDIT_CLEANUP
6	DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK
7	DV_REALM_RESOURCE
8	DV_XSTREAM_ADMIN
9	LBAC_DBA
10	DV_PATCH_ADMIN
11	DV_STREAMS_ADMIN
12	DV_MONITOR
13	DV_PUBLIC
14	DV_REALM_OWNER
15	DV_ACCTMGR
16	DV_SECANALYST

独立数据库（pdb_orcl2）插入后变成插件数据库还有5个本地role：

	CON_ID	COMMON	ROLE
1	5	NO	CWM_USER
2	5	NO	OLAPI_TRACE_USER
3	5	NO	OWB$CLIENT
4	5	NO	OWB_DESIGNCENTER_VIEW
5	5	NO	OWB_USER

所以整个CDB2中有：84（根容器）+252+68+5=409个角色（其中公共角色404个，本地角色5个）。

1. select  r.CON_ID, r.COMMON, r.ROLE
   
2. from cdb_roles r;
   

复制代码

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

新特性container_data：



----------------------------------------

1. select  * from cdb_container_data d
   
2. where d.USERNAME  not like '%INTERNAL'
   
3.   and d.USERNAME not like 'APP%'  and d.USERNAME<>'DBSNMP';
   
4.   
   
5.   alter user c##jfv
   
6.   set container_data=(cdb$root)
   
7.   for v_$session
   
8.   container=current;

复制代码

-----------------------------------------------

1. [oracle@station90 ~]$ rman target /
   
2. 
   
3. Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Jul 1 17:52:12 2018
   
4. 
   
5. Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
   
6. 
   
7. connected to target database: CDB2 (DBID=727229478)
   
8. 
   
9. RMAN> ALTER SYSTEM SET db_recovery_file_dest_size=
   
10. 2> 24G;
    
11. 
    
12. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
    
13. Statement processed
    
14. 
    
15. RMAN> list backup;
    
16. 
    
17. specification does not match any backup in the repository
    
18. 
    
19. RMAN> list copy;
    
20. 
    
21. specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository
    
22. specification does not match any control file copy in the repository
    
23. specification does not match any archived log in the repository
    
24. 
    
25. RMAN> backup tag '1T_WHOLE_INCR0' incremental level 0 database plus archivelog delete all input;  
    
26. 
    
27. 
    
28. Starting backup at 2018-07-01:17:54:12
    
29. current log archived
    
30. allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
    
31. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: SID=320 device type=SBT_TAPE
    
32. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: Oracle Secure Backup
    
33. allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
    
34. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: SID=326 device type=SBT_TAPE
    
35. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: Oracle Secure Backup
    
36. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting archived log backup set
    
37. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
    
38. input archived log thread=1 sequence=62 RECID=1 STAMP=980358852
    
39. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:54:26
    
40. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:54:51
    
41. piece handle=01t6u5mi_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
42. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
43. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: deleting archived log(s)
    
44. archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB2/archivelog/2018_07_01/o1_mf_1_62_fmk964v6_.arc RECID=1 STAMP=980358852
    
45. Finished backup at 2018-07-01:17:54:51
    
46. 
    
47. Starting backup at 2018-07-01:17:54:52
    
48. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
    
49. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
    
50. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
51. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
52. input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/system01.dbf
    
53. input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/undotbs01.dbf
    
54. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:54:52
    
55. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
56. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
57. input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/sysaux01.dbf
    
58. input datafile file number=00024 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/cdata_01.dbf
    
59. input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/users01.dbf
    
60. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:54:52
    
61. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:17
    
62. piece handle=02t6u5nc_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
63. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
64. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
65. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
66. input datafile file number=00011 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/sysaux01.dbf
    
67. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:17
    
68. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:17
    
69. piece handle=03t6u5nc_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
70. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
71. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
72. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
73. input datafile file number=00013 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_2/CDB2/6FDA0B7BDBCD67DAE0535A00A8C0D512/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_fmgo7cnk_.dbf
    
74. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:17
    
75. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:42
    
76. piece handle=04t6u5o5_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
77. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
78. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
79. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
80. input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
    
81. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:43
    
82. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:43
    
83. piece handle=05t6u5o5_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
84. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
    
85. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
86. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
87. input datafile file number=00010 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
    
88. input datafile file number=00025 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
89. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:55:43
    
90. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:08
    
91. piece handle=06t6u5ov_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
92. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
93. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
94. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
95. input datafile file number=00012 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_2/CDB2/6FDA0B7BDBCD67DAE0535A00A8C0D512/datafile/o1_mf_system_fmgo7cnj_.dbf
    
96. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:08
    
97. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:08
    
98. piece handle=07t6u5ov_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
99. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
100. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
     
101. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
     
102. input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdbseed/system01.dbf
     
103. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:08
     
104. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:33
     
105. piece handle=08t6u5po_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
     
106. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
     
107. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:33
     
108. piece handle=09t6u5po_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
     
109. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
     
110. Finished backup at 2018-07-01:17:56:33
     
111. 
     
112. Starting backup at 2018-07-01:17:56:33
     
113. current log archived
     
114. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
     
115. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
     
116. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting archived log backup set
     
117. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
     
118. input archived log thread=1 sequence=63 RECID=2 STAMP=980358994
     
119. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:34
     
120. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:17:56:59
     
121. piece handle=0at6u5qi_1_1 tag=1T_WHOLE_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
     
122. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
     
123. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: deleting archived log(s)
     
124. archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB2/archivelog/2018_07_01/o1_mf_1_63_fmk9bl78_.arc RECID=2 STAMP=980358994
     
125. Finished backup at 2018-07-01:17:56:59
     
126. 
     
127. Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018-07-01:17:56:59
     
128. piece handle=c-727229478-20180701-00 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
     
129. Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018-07-01:17:57:24
     
130. 
     
131. RMAN> report schema;
     
132. 
     
133. Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB2
     
134. 
     
135. List of Permanent Datafiles
     
136. ===========================
     
137. File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name
     
138. ---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
     
139. 1    790      SYSTEM               YES     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/system01.dbf
     
140. 3    700      SYSAUX               NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/sysaux01.dbf
     
141. 4    645      UNDOTBS1             YES     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/undotbs01.dbf
     
142. 5    250      PDB$SEED:SYSTEM      NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdbseed/system01.dbf
     
143. 6    5        USERS                NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/users01.dbf
     
144. 7    550      PDB$SEED:SYSAUX      NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
     
145. 10   260      PDB2:SYSTEM          NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
     
146. 11   580      PDB2:SYSAUX          NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/sysaux01.dbf
     
147. 12   260      PDB2_2:SYSTEM        NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_2/CDB2/6FDA0B7BDBCD67DAE0535A00A8C0D512/datafile/o1_mf_system_fmgo7cnj_.dbf
     
148. 13   580      PDB2_2:SYSAUX        NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_2/CDB2/6FDA0B7BDBCD67DAE0535A00A8C0D512/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_fmgo7cnk_.dbf
     
149. 24   10       CDATA                NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/cdata_01.dbf
     
150. 25   10       PDB2:LDATA           NO      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
     
151. 
     
152. List of Temporary Files
     
153. =======================
     
154. File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
     
155. ---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
     
156. 1    197      TEMP                 32767       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/temp01.dbf
     
157. 2    100      PDB$SEED:TEMP        32767       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp012018-06-30_04-54-31-PM.dbf
     
158. 3    20       PDB2:TEMP            32767       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/pdbseed_temp012018-06-30_04-54-31-PM.dbf
     
159. 4    20       PDB2_2:TEMP          32767       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_2/CDB2/6FDA0B7BDBCD67DAE0535A00A8C0D512/datafile/o1_mf_temp_fmgo7cnk_.dbf
     
160. 7    500      TEMP_ROOT            500         /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/temproot_01.dbf
     
161. 8    100      PDB2:TEMP_PDB2       100         /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/temppdb2_01.dbf
     
162. 9    10       PDB2:MY_TEMP         10          /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/my_temp_pdb2_01.dbf
     
163. 
     
164. RMAN> list backup of datafile 25;
     
165. 
     
166. 
     
167. List of Backup Sets
     
168. ===================
     
169. 
     
170. 
     
171. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
     
172. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
     
173. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
     
174.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
     
175.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
     
176.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
     
177.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
     
178.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
     
179.   25   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
     
180. 
     
181. RMAN> list backup of datafile 24;
     
182. 
     
183. 
     
184. List of Backup Sets
     
185. ===================
     
186. 
     
187. 
     
188. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
     
189. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
     
190. 3       Incr 0  534.50M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:14     2018-07-01:17:55:06
     
191.         BP Key: 3   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
     
192.         Handle: 03t6u5nc_1_1   Media: station90-000004
     
193.   List of Datafiles in backup set 3
     
194.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
     
195.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
     
196.   24   0  Incr 3792946    2018-07-01:17:54:52 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/cdata_01.dbf
     
197. 
     
198. RMAN> list backup of datafile 10;
     
199. 
     
200. 
     
201. List of Backup Sets
     
202. ===================
     
203. 
     
204. 
     
205. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
     
206. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
     
207. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
     
208.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
     
209.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
     
210.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
     
211.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
     
212.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
     
213.   10   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
     
214. 
     
215. RMAN>
     

复制代码

其中pdb2的备份：

1. RMAN> list backup of  datafile 10;
   
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. List of Backup Sets
   
5. ===================
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
   
9. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
   
10. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
    
11.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
12.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
    
13.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
    
14.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
15.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
16.   10   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
    
17. 
    
18. RMAN> list backup of  datafile 11;
    
19. 
    
20. 
    
21. List of Backup Sets
    
22. ===================
    
23. 
    
24. 
    
25. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
26. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
27. 4       Incr 0  462.50M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:12     2018-07-01:17:55:29
    
28.         BP Key: 4   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
29.         Handle: 04t6u5o5_1_1   Media: station90-000003
    
30.   List of Datafiles in backup set 4
    
31.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
32.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
33.   11   0  Incr 3792968    2018-07-01:17:55:17 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/sysaux01.dbf
    
34. 
    
35. RMAN> list backup of  datafile 25;
    
36. 
    
37. 
    
38. List of Backup Sets
    
39. ===================
    
40. 
    
41. 
    
42. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
43. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
44. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
    
45.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
46.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
    
47.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
    
48.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
49.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
50.   25   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
51. 
    

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新语法：插件数据库单独备份：

1. RMAN> backup tag '2T_PDB2_INCR0' incremental level 0 pluggable database pdb2;
   
2. 
   
3. Starting backup at 2018-07-01:18:03:03
   
4. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
   
5. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
   
6. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
   
7. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
   
8. input datafile file number=00011 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/sysaux01.dbf
   
9. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:18:03:03
   
10. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
    
11. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    
12. input datafile file number=00010 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
    
13. input datafile file number=00025 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
14. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:18:03:03
    
15. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:18:03:28
    
16. piece handle=0dt6u66n_1_1 tag=2T_PDB2_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
17. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
18. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:18:03:38
    
19. piece handle=0ct6u66n_1_1 tag=2T_PDB2_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
20. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
    
21. Finished backup at 2018-07-01:18:03:38
    
22. 
    
23. Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018-07-01:18:03:38
    
24. piece handle=c-727229478-20180701-01 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
25. Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018-07-01:18:04:03
    
26. 
    
27. RMAN>
    

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效果：

1. RMAN> list backup of datafile 10;
   
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. List of Backup Sets
   
5. ===================
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
   
9. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
   
10. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
    
11.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
12.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
    
13.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
    
14.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
15.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
16.   10   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
    
17. 
    
18. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
19. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
20. 12      Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:09     2018-07-01:18:03:12
    
21.         BP Key: 12   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 2T_PDB2_INCR0
    
22.         Handle: 0dt6u66n_1_1   Media: station90-000003
    
23.   List of Datafiles in backup set 12
    
24.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
25.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
26.   10   0  Incr 3794250    2018-07-01:18:03:03 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/system01.dbf
    
27. 
    
28. RMAN> list backup of datafile 11;
    
29. 
    
30. 
    
31. List of Backup Sets
    
32. ===================
    
33. 
    
34. 
    
35. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
36. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
37. 4       Incr 0  462.50M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:12     2018-07-01:17:55:29
    
38.         BP Key: 4   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
39.         Handle: 04t6u5o5_1_1   Media: station90-000003
    
40.   List of Datafiles in backup set 4
    
41.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
42.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
43.   11   0  Incr 3792968    2018-07-01:17:55:17 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/sysaux01.dbf
    
44. 
    
45. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
46. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
47. 13      Incr 0  462.50M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:19     2018-07-01:18:03:22
    
48.         BP Key: 13   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 2T_PDB2_INCR0
    
49.         Handle: 0ct6u66n_1_1   Media: station90-000004
    
50.   List of Datafiles in backup set 13
    
51.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
52.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
53.   11   0  Incr 3794249    2018-07-01:18:03:03 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/sysaux01.dbf
    
54. 
    
55. RMAN> list backup of datafile 25;
    
56. 
    
57. 
    
58. List of Backup Sets
    
59. ===================
    
60. 
    
61. 
    
62. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
63. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
64. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
    
65.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
66.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
    
67.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
    
68.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
69.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
70.   25   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
71. 
    
72. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
73. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
74. 12      Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:09     2018-07-01:18:03:12
    
75.         BP Key: 12   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 2T_PDB2_INCR0
    
76.         Handle: 0dt6u66n_1_1   Media: station90-000003
    
77.   List of Datafiles in backup set 12
    
78.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
79.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
80.   25   0  Incr 3794250    2018-07-01:18:03:03 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
81. 
    
82. RMAN>
    

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新语法：

1. RMAN> backup tag '3T_PDB2:LDATA_INCR0' incremental level 0 tablespace pdb2:ldata;
   
2. 
   
3. Starting backup at 2018-07-01:18:07:27
   
4. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
   
5. using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
   
6. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
   
7. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
   
8. input datafile file number=00025 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
   
9. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2018-07-01:18:07:27
   
10. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2018-07-01:18:07:52
    
11. piece handle=0ft6u6ev_1_1 tag=3T_PDB2:LDATA_INCR0 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
12. channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
    
13. Finished backup at 2018-07-01:18:07:52
    
14. 
    
15. Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018-07-01:18:07:52
    
16. piece handle=c-727229478-20180701-02 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 10.4.0.4
    
17. Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018-07-01:18:08:17
    

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效果：

1. RMAN> list backup of datafile 25;  
   
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. List of Backup Sets
   
5. ===================
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
   
9. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
   
10. 7       Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:10     2018-07-01:17:55:53
    
11.         BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 1T_WHOLE_INCR0
    
12.         Handle: 07t6u5ov_1_1   Media: station90-000004
    
13.   List of Datafiles in backup set 7
    
14.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
15.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
16.   25   0  Incr 3792981    2018-07-01:17:55:43 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
17. 
    
18. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
19. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
20. 12      Incr 0  209.00M    SBT_TAPE    00:00:09     2018-07-01:18:03:12
    
21.         BP Key: 12   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 2T_PDB2_INCR0
    
22.         Handle: 0dt6u66n_1_1   Media: station90-000003
    
23.   List of Datafiles in backup set 12
    
24.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
25.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
26.   25   0  Incr 3794250    2018-07-01:18:03:03 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
27. 
    
28. BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   
    
29. ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
    
30. 15      Incr 0  1.25M      SBT_TAPE    00:00:09     2018-07-01:18:07:36
    
31.         BP Key: 15   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: 3T_PDB2:LDATA_INCR0
    
32.         Handle: 0ft6u6ev_1_1   Media: station90-000003
    
33.   List of Datafiles in backup set 15
    
34.   File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
    
35.   ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
    
36.   25   0  Incr 3794482    2018-07-01:18:07:27 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb2/pdb2_1/ldata_01.dbf
    
37. 
    
38. RMAN>
    

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