课程第10次
sort 和uniq：# sort -n 1.txt
1
3
3
6
20
------------------------------------------# sort -n 1.txt | uniq-c
1 1
2 3
1 6
1 20
------------------------
</blockquote></div><p>在二级命令处，进行多行标准输入：</p><p><div class="blockcode"><blockquote>#!/bin/sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/sqlplus <<-EOF
conn / as sysdba
startup
exit
EOF
# read -p "Please input the value of A: " A< 4.txt
# echo $A
100
# ls
1.txt2.txt3.txt4.txt
# ls
1.txt2.txt3.txt4.txt
# ls >5.txt
# cat 5.txt
1.txt
2.txt
3.txt
4.txt
5.txt
# ls -l
total 20
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root11 Apr 28 08:14 1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 224 Apr 28 08:26 2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root13 Apr 28 08:38 3.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4 Apr 28 08:56 4.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root30 Apr 28 09:00 5.txt
# ls
1.txt2.txt3.txt4.txt5.txt
# read B < 5.txt
# echo $B
1.txt
# B=$(cat 5.txt)
# echo $B
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt 4.txt 5.txt
#
注意空格：
# ls1.txtbotang.txt >7.txt 2>&1
# cat 7.txt
ls: cannot access botang.txt: No such file or directory
1.txt
# ls1.txtbotang.txt &>8.txt
# cat 8.txt
ls: cannot access botang.txt: No such file or directory
1.txt
# ls1.txtbotang.txt & >9.txt
19920
# ls: cannot access botang.txt: No such file or directory
1.txt
+Exit 2 ls --color=auto 1.txt botang.txt
参考：
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --reload
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/station60/
ServerNamestation60.example.com
CustomLoglogs/station60.log combined
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/www60/
ServerNamewww60.example.com
CustomLoglogs/www60.log combined
</VirtualHost>
/etc/named.conf:
# /etc/named.conf
#
# This file should be used for all classes except RH320.
# Replaces: named.conf-isolated, named.conf-internet
########################################################################
#
# Define the location of the zone files, clean daily,
# and possibly specify forwarders.
#
########################################################################
// Define ACL(s) here
acl exampleNetwork { 192.168.0.0/24; };
acl crackerNetwork { 192.168.1.0/24; };
acl internal { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.0.0/24; 192.168.1.0/24; };
acl bogusNets { 0.0.0.0/8;
1.0.0.0/8;
2.0.0.0/8;
192.0.2.0/24;
224.0.0.0/3;
10.0.0.0/8;
172.16.0.0/12;
};
options {
// Where do our zone files live?
directory "/var/named";
cleaning-interval 1440;
// Use the ACL to say who can query us
allow-query { internal; };
// Allow recursion for localnets( not really needed becauses of above )
allow-recursion { internal; };
// Allow zone transfers only to exampleNetwork ACL
allow-transfer { exampleNetwork; };
// Blackhole illegal addresses commonly used for spoofing
// This is also redundant but we are showing off
blackhole { bogusNets; };
// If you're behind a firewall but have Internet access, you
// might need to run DNS lookups through another name server
// that can see through it, to resolve outside hosts.
// The commented-out line below works for Meridian.
# forwarders { 192.168.22.250; };
// Get rid of annoying reminder of default that is, in fact, the
// opposite of what man named.conf would have you believe.
auth-nxdomain no;
};
// Magic to make rndc work
include "/etc/rndc.key";
controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};
#########################################################################
#
# Help out root nameservers; take responsibility for localhost.
#
#########################################################################
// file names are arbitrary and can be anything
// RFC 1033 uses .zone in their examples and so shall we
zone "localhost" {
type master;
file "localhost.zone";
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "127.0.0.zone";
};
########################################################################
#
# Provide a hint to the root nameservers
#
########################################################################
zone "." {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
#########################################################################
#
# Master nameserver for example.com and 192.168.0/24
#
#########################################################################
zone "example.com" {
type master;
file "example.com.zone";
// The forwarders line below turns off forwarding, if specified
// above, for delegated subdomains (domainXX.example.com, etc).
// (So we talk directly to the server for the zone we delegated,
// rather than asking the forwarder to do it for us.)
forwarders {};
};
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "192.168.0.zone";
forwarders {};
};
#########################################################################
#
# Master nameserver for cracker.org and 192.168.1/24
#
#########################################################################
zone "cracker.org" {
type master;
file "cracker.org.zone";
forwarders{};
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "192.168.1.zone";
forwarders{};
};
zone "something.net" {
type master;
file "something.net.zone";
// The forwarders line below turns off forwarding, if specified
// above, for delegated subdomains (domainXX.example.com, etc).
// (So we talk directly to the server for the zone we delegated,
// rather than asking the forwarder to do it for us.)
forwarders {};
};
/var/named/chroot/var/named/example.com.zone:
; Specify the time-to-live( TTL ) for the zone
$TTL 86400; 1 Day ( we could have used 1D )
; Begin Start Of Authority resource record
example.com. INSOA station90.example.com. root.station90.example.com. (
2003040100 ; serial number
1H ; refresh slave
5M ; retry query
1W ; expire
1M ; negative TTL
)
; Specify our name servers
; !!WARNING: You can not use CNAMEs for RDATA here !!
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
@ INNS station90.example.com.
; Specify our mail exchangers
; !!WARNING: You can not use CNAMEs for RDATA here !!
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
@ INMX 10station90.example.com.
; This is broken and against RFC but must be done to placate the masses
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
example.com. INA 192.168.0.90
; List our CNAME records ( aliases ) here
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
mail.example.com. 3600 INCNAME server1.example.com.
kerberos.example.com. 3600 INCNAME server1.example.com.
; List our A records ( hosts ) here
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
station1.example.com. INA 192.168.0.1
station2 INA 192.168.0.2
station3 INA 192.168.0.3
station4 INA 192.168.0.4
station5 INA 192.168.0.5
station6 INA 192.168.0.6
station7 INA 192.168.0.7
station8 INA 192.168.0.8
station9 INA 192.168.0.9
station10 INA 192.168.0.10
station11 INA 192.168.0.11
station12 INA 192.168.0.12
station13 INA 192.168.0.13
station14 INA 192.168.0.14
station15 INA 192.168.0.15
station16 INA 192.168.0.16
station17 INA 192.168.0.17
station18 INA 192.168.0.18
station19 INA 192.168.0.19
station20 INA 192.168.0.20
server1 INA 192.168.0.254
; Okay, my fingers are getting tired.BIND 8.1 and BIND 9.1 and later supports
; a shortcut.$GENERATE creates a record for each value in the
; numerical range specified in the first argument, replacing any $
; in the template with the current value of the iterator.
; Set up the rest of the station records.
$GENERATE 21-100 station[ DISCUZ_CODE_9 ]nbsp; A 192.168.0.$
; Set up CNAMEs for www1.example.com and so on.
$GENERATE 1-100 www[ DISCUZ_CODE_28 ]nbsp; CNAME station$
; Delegate owner1.example.com and so on to the individual stations.
$GENERATE 1-100 domain$.example.com. NS station$.example.com.
$GENERATE 1-100 hierarchy$.example.com. NS station$.example.com.
; The $GENERATE shortcut is normally used to simplify delegating
; subnets on a non-octet boundary.(This is for non-traditional
; network sizes -- everything but /8, /16, and /24 subnets.)
; For the RHEL5.1 RH253 changes:
$GENERATE 101-200 server$.example.com. A 192.168.0.$
$GENERATE 101-200 domain$.example.com. NS server$.example.com.
$GENERATE 101-200 www[ DISCUZ_CODE_28 ]nbsp; CNAME server$
/var/named/chroot/var/named/192.168.0.zone:
; Specify the time-to-live( TTL ) for the zone
$TTL 86400; 1 Day ( we could have used 1D )
; Begin Start Of Authority resource record
0.168.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA. INSOA station90.example.com. root.station90.example.com.(
2003040100 ; serial number
1H ; refresh slave
5M ; retry query
1W ; expire
1M ; negative TTL
)
; Specify our name servers
; !!WARNING: You can not use CNAMEs for RDATA here !!
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
@ INNS station90.example.com.
; List our PTR records ( rev lookup ) here
; owner TTL CLtype RDATA
1.0.168.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA. INPTR station1.example.com.
2 INPTR station2.example.com.
3 INPTR station3.example.com.
4 INPTR station4.example.com.
5 INPTR station5.example.com.
6 INPTR station6.example.com.
7 INPTR station7.example.com.
8 INPTR station8.example.com.
9 INPTR station9.example.com.
10 INPTR station10.example.com.
11 INPTR station11.example.com.
12 INPTR station12.example.com.
13 INPTR station13.example.com.
14 INPTR station14.example.com.
15 INPTR station15.example.com.
16 INPTR station16.example.com.
17 INPTR station17.example.com.
18 INPTR station18.example.com.
19 INPTR station19.example.com.
20 INPTR station20.example.com.
21 INPTR station21.example.com.
22 INPTR station22.example.com.
23 INPTR station23.example.com.
24 INPTR station24.example.com.
25 INPTR station25.example.com.
26 INPTR station26.example.com.
27 INPTR station27.example.com.
28 INPTR station28.example.com.
29 INPTR station29.example.com.
30 INPTR station30.example.com.
31 INPTR station31.example.com.
32 INPTR station32.example.com.
33 INPTR station33.example.com.
34 INPTR station34.example.com.
35 INPTR station35.example.com.
36 INPTR station36.example.com.
37 INPTR station37.example.com.
38 INPTR station38.example.com.
39 INPTR station39.example.com.
40 INPTR station40.example.com.
41 INPTR station41.example.com.
42 INPTR station42.example.com.
43 INPTR station43.example.com.
44 INPTR station44.example.com.
45 INPTR station45.example.com.
46 INPTR station46.example.com.
47 INPTR station47.example.com.
48 INPTR station48.example.com.
49 INPTR station49.example.com.
50 INPTR station50.example.com.
51 INPTR station51.example.com.
52 INPTR station52.example.com.
53 INPTR station53.example.com.
54 INPTR station54.example.com.
55 INPTR station55.example.com.
56 INPTR station56.example.com.
57 INPTR station57.example.com.
58 INPTR station58.example.com.
59 INPTR station59.example.com.
60 INPTR station60.example.com.
61 INPTR station61.example.com.
62 INPTR station62.example.com.
63 INPTR station63.example.com.
64 INPTR station64.example.com.
65 INPTR station65.example.com.
66 INPTR station66.example.com.
67 INPTR station67.example.com.
68 INPTR station68.example.com.
69 INPTR station69.example.com.
70 INPTR station70.example.com.
71 INPTR station71.example.com.
72 INPTR station72.example.com.
73 INPTR station73.example.com.
74 INPTR station74.example.com.
75 INPTR station75.example.com.
76 INPTR station76.example.com.
77 INPTR station77.example.com.
78 INPTR station78.example.com.
79 INPTR station79.example.com.
80 INPTR station80.example.com.
81 INPTR station81.example.com.
82 INPTR station82.example.com.
83 INPTR station83.example.com.
84 INPTR station84.example.com.
85 INPTR station85.example.com.
86 INPTR station86.example.com.
87 INPTR station87.example.com.
88 INPTR station88.example.com.
89 INPTR station89.example.com.
90 INPTR station90.example.com.
91 INPTR station91.example.com.
92 INPTR station92.example.com.
93 INPTR station93.example.com.
94 INPTR station94.example.com.
95 INPTR station95.example.com.
96 INPTR station96.example.com.
97 INPTR station97.example.com.
98 INPTR station98.example.com.
99 INPTR station99.example.com.
100 INPTR station100.example.com.
; For the RHEL5.1 changes
101 INPTR server101.example.com.
102 INPTR server102.example.com.
103 INPTR server103.example.com.
104 INPTR server104.example.com.
105 INPTR server105.example.com.
106 INPTR server106.example.com.
107 INPTR server107.example.com.
108 INPTR server108.example.com.
109 INPTR server109.example.com.
110 INPTR server110.example.com.
111 INPTR server111.example.com.
112 INPTR server112.example.com.
113 INPTR server113.example.com.
114 INPTR server114.example.com.
115 INPTR server115.example.com.
116 INPTR server116.example.com.
117 INPTR server117.example.com.
118 INPTR server118.example.com.
119 INPTR server119.example.com.
120 INPTR server120.example.com.
121 INPTR server121.example.com.
122 INPTR server122.example.com.
123 INPTR server123.example.com.
124 INPTR server124.example.com.
125 INPTR server125.example.com.
126 INPTR server126.example.com.
127 INPTR server127.example.com.
128 INPTR server128.example.com.
129 INPTR server129.example.com.
130 INPTR server130.example.com.
131 INPTR server131.example.com.
132 INPTR server132.example.com.
133 INPTR server133.example.com.
134 INPTR server134.example.com.
135 INPTR server135.example.com.
136 INPTR server136.example.com.
137 INPTR server137.example.com.
138 INPTR server138.example.com.
139 INPTR server139.example.com.
140 INPTR server140.example.com.
141 INPTR server141.example.com.
142 INPTR server142.example.com.
143 INPTR server143.example.com.
144 INPTR server144.example.com.
145 INPTR server145.example.com.
146 INPTR server146.example.com.
147 INPTR server147.example.com.
148 INPTR server148.example.com.
149 INPTR server149.example.com.
150 INPTR server150.example.com.
151 INPTR server151.example.com.
152 INPTR server152.example.com.
153 INPTR server153.example.com.
154 INPTR server154.example.com.
155 INPTR server155.example.com.
156 INPTR server156.example.com.
157 INPTR server157.example.com.
158 INPTR server158.example.com.
159 INPTR server159.example.com.
160 INPTR server160.example.com.
161 INPTR server161.example.com.
162 INPTR server162.example.com.
163 INPTR server163.example.com.
164 INPTR server164.example.com.
165 INPTR server165.example.com.
166 INPTR server166.example.com.
167 INPTR server167.example.com.
168 INPTR server168.example.com.
169 INPTR server169.example.com.
170 INPTR server170.example.com.
171 INPTR server171.example.com.
172 INPTR server172.example.com.
173 INPTR server173.example.com.
174 INPTR server174.example.com.
175 INPTR server175.example.com.
176 INPTR server176.example.com.
177 INPTR server177.example.com.
178 INPTR server178.example.com.
179 INPTR server179.example.com.
180 INPTR server180.example.com.
181 INPTR server181.example.com.
182 INPTR server182.example.com.
183 INPTR server183.example.com.
184 INPTR server184.example.com.
185 INPTR server185.example.com.
186 INPTR server186.example.com.
187 INPTR server187.example.com.
188 INPTR server188.example.com.
189 INPTR server189.example.com.
190 INPTR server190.example.com.
191 INPTR server191.example.com.
192 INPTR server192.example.com.
193 INPTR server193.example.com.
194 INPTR server194.example.com.
195 INPTR server195.example.com.
196 INPTR server196.example.com.
197 INPTR server197.example.com.
198 INPTR server198.example.com.
199 INPTR server199.example.com.
200 INPTR server200.example.com.
254 INPTR server1.example.com.
; Note that we're not actually delegating the students authority to
; manage their IP addresses...so their server and our server will
; disagree on the correct reverse lookup for their IP address, and
; we're both claiming to be authoritative.Naughty of us.:)We
; have to do this, since their server won't be there most of the
; time to delegate to.Doesn't matter for ownerXX.example.com.
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